Understanding PennHIP Screening Radiographs

by | Sep 20, 2023 | Surgical Procedures

Understanding PennHIP Screening Radiographs

Introduction

In the realm of veterinary medicine, particularly in orthopedics, PennHIP screening radiographs have become an increasingly indispensable tool for early diagnosis and treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs. As pet owners and veterinary practitioners striving for optimal canine welfare, it’s crucial to stay updated on the most accurate and predictive diagnostic methods available. This blog aims to offer an in-depth look into the PennHIP methodology, its advantages, and how it can enhance your practice and benefit your pets.

What is PennHIP?

PennHIP, which stands for the University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program, employs a set of unique radiographic measurements to estimate the likelihood of a dog developing osteoarthritis from hip dysplasia.  Unlike traditional radiographic assessments, PennHIP focuses on quantifying hip joint laxity, thus allowing us to determine the susceptibility of a dog developing arthritis from hip dysplasia in the future.

Why is PennHIP Screening Important?

Hip dysplasia is a common skeletal condition, especially among larger breeds of dogs. It occurs when the ball-and-socket joint of the hip is too loose, leading to progressive wear and eventual loss of function as arthritis progresses. Dogs with severe hip dysplasia often experience pain, difficulty in movement, and a significantly diminished quality of life.

By catching the issue early, PennHIP screening allows for better management and possibly some preventive measures to decrease the severity of arthritis that can develop.

The Science Behind PennHIP

PennHIP uses three distinct types of radiographs:

1. Hip-Extended View: Similar to traditional evaluations, this view checks for any existing hip joint abnormalities or signs of arthritis.

2. Compression View: The dog’s hip joints are pushed together to evaluate how well the ball fits into the socket, known as joint congruity.

3. Distraction View: The hips are gently pulled apart to measure the laxity of the hip joint, essentially determining how loose the joint is.

The DI Score

After these radiographs are taken, a Distraction Index (DI) is calculated. The Distraction Index (DI) is a numerical value ranging from 0 to 1, which quantifies the degree of joint laxity. A lower DI score suggests a tighter and ostensibly healthier hip joint, while a higher DI score indicates higher laxity and greater risk for developing hip dysplasia or osteoarthritis.

Advantages of PennHIP Over Traditional Screening

  1. Age Flexibility: PennHIP is accurate in puppies as young as 16 weeks, allowing for early detection and intervention.
  2. Predictive Value: With a focus on laxity and not just existing pathology, PennHIP can help predict the likelihood of future issues.
  3. Quantifiable Data: The DI score offers a tangible, easy-to-interpret value that can guide treatment protocols and breeding decisions.

How to Prepare for PennHIP Screening

Preparation for PennHIP screening is relatively straightforward:

  1. Consult Your Veterinarian: Always start by discussing with your veterinarian whether PennHIP screening is appropriate for your pet.
  2. Sedation: The procedure requires sedation or anesthesia to ensure accurate radiographs. Don’t feed your pet the morning of your appointment.
  3. Post-Screening Care: After the screening, your pet may be groggy due to sedation. Make sure to provide a comfortable, quiet space for recovery.

Conclusion

PennHIP screening offers a scientifically backed, predictive approach for evaluating canine hip health. By understanding the procedure and its benefits, you can make informed decisions that could significantly improve your pet’s quality of life. Consult your veterinarian to see if PennHIP screening is right for your dog.

We are now accepting appointments for PennHIP radiographs at Apex Vet Surgery!  Please feel free to contact us for scheduling.